| 摘要:在无线传感器网络中，骨干网可方便地实现数据聚合，有利于达到能量高效的数据收集，但是其面临着骨干节点能量消耗过快，易出现因节点能量耗尽而导致骨干网连接中断的问题。为了保证网络能够持续高效的运行，本文提出了基于一种虚拟骨干网环境下的移动能量补充策略(VAMERS)，该策略利用移动能量补充技术来解决无线传感器网络中骨干节点的能耗过快问题，同时也兼顾对非骨干节点的能量补充。VAMERS策略根据待充电传感器节点当前的通信量计算其优先级，始终选择优先级最大的节点作为充电候选节点以尽量给负载大的节点优先充电，从而避免节点快速进入能量饥饿状态。仿真结果显示,VAMERS策略能有效的解决节点的能量饥饿问题，降低了节点的失效率和充电成本，进而延长了传感器网络的生存周期。 |
| 关键词: 无线传感器网络 移动能量补充 充电优先级 无线充电 虚拟骨干网 |
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| Mobile Energy Replenishment Scheme for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks with Virtual Backbone |
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| Abstract:Virtual backbone can not only efficiently realize data collection but also expediently achieve data fusion which is greatly beneficial to reduce energy waste and thus prolong the network life for wireless sensor networks. But virtual backbone is faced with a severe problem that the energy consumption of backbone nodes is much faster than that of ordinary nodes, which is prone to result in the backbone network quickly interrupted due to the energy depletion of backbone nodes. Therefore, the VBMERS (mobile energy replenishment strategy with virtual backbone) algorithm is proposed to solve the fast energy expenditure problem of backbone nodes. By considering the features of virtual backbone and calculating the charging priority of each node according to the current traffic of the node, VBMERS can ensure the energy supplement of backbone nodes, and meanwhile fully take the energy need of non-backbone nodes into account. Through extensive simulation experiments, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed VBMERS scheme in terms of network life, failure node rate, charging cost, and charging latency. |
| Key words: wireless sensor networks mobile energy replenishment charging priority wireless charging virtual backbone |